Participants in the "Encamisada" parading through the streets of the village.

‘Encamisada’ in Vale das Fontes

By Paulo Monteiro

Vale das Fontes is a Portuguese parish located in the municipality of Vinhais, in the district of Bragança. It has an area of 16,55 km² and a population of 262 inhabitants according to the 2021 census. In addition the parish includes the villages of Nuzedo de Baixo and the Neighborhood of Assearas (Minas). Olive oil and wine are the main agricultural products.

Every year, on the night of 31 December, the inhabitants perform the ‘Encamisada’. This is a parade that runs through the streets of the village to the sound of bagpipe music. Before the parade, a group of pipers walks through the village streets to greet the inhabitants.

The parade participants dress up as they please and in bizarre costumes, as if it were a Carnival parade. The important thing is to hide each person’s identity. People begin by gathering in a small square around a bonfire. Some bring pets to also participate in the parade. When there is a significant number of masked people, the Encamisada begins, with the masked people, the animals and the group of bagpipers. As the Encamisada runs through the streets of the village, more masked participants join in.

The Encamisada ends in the same square where it began. This is a moment of healthy and joyful conviviality among the inhabitants of the village. The photographs were taken with a Leica R5, fitted with an Elmarit 35/2.8 and a Metz 32 Z-2 flash unit. The lens was fitted with B+W medium yellow 022 filter. The film used was the Foma 400 Action, an inexpensive but high-quality alternative to the Kodak and Ilford equivalents.

To develop the films, I use E-76 developer, an environmentally friendly alternative to D-76 and ID-11. It’s based on ascorbic acid, commonly known as vitamin C.

Here’s the formula: Quantity to make 1 litre

  • Water at 50.º C – 750 ml
  • Phenidone – 0,2 g
  • Sodium sulfite – 100 g
  • Ascorbic acid – 8g
  • Borax – 10 g

Fill with water to make 1000ml

You may develop as D-76, but I strongly recommend testing it first.

A masked man next to the bonfire in the village's main square.
A participant of the Encamisada next to the bonfire in the main square of the village.
A masquerade in the village's main square.
A participant of the Encamisada in the main square of the village.
A masquerade in the village's main square.
A participant of the Encamisada in the main square of the village.
A masquerade by the bonfire in the village's main square.
A participant of the Encamisada next to the bonfire in the main square of the village.
A masquerade village's main square.
A participant of the Encamisada in the main square of the village.
Participants in the "encamisada" parading through the streets of the village.
Participants of the Encamisada parading through the streets of the village.
Participants of the "encamisada" parading through the streets of the village.
Participants of the Encamisada parading through the streets of the village.
Participants of the "encamisada" parading through the streets of the village.
Participants of the Encamisada parading through the streets of the village.
Participants in the "encamisada" accompanied by a bagpiper.
Participants in the Encamisada accompanied by a bagpiper.
Participants in the "encamisada".
Participants in the Encamisada.
The gear I used to take the photos.
The gear I used to take the photos.

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About The Author

By Paulo Monteiro
Paulo Monteiro was born June 1963, in São Miguel Island, Azores, where he currently lives and works. He has been a photographer since 1985. He has developed long term projects about various subjects, such as popular religiosity, profane festivities, architecture, landscape, Nature, or the world of work. His work has been published and exhibited in Portugal and abroad.
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Comments

Russ Rosener on ‘Encamisada’ in Vale das Fontes

Comment posted: 06/04/2025

I seem to recall you documented this festival the year before as well. It's a fantastic look at what seems to be an ageless occurrence in this town. Great to see that not even cell phones and social media have erased this unique event.
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Paulo Monteiro replied:

Comment posted: 06/04/2025

Thank you Russ.

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Daniel Castelli on ‘Encamisada’ in Vale das Fontes

Comment posted: 07/04/2025

Nothing beats being an insider. Great photos. You made up your own developer. Are you aware if it’s commercially available? I’m currently using ADOX D-76 I purchase from Freestyle Photo out of LA.
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Paulo Monteiro replied:

Comment posted: 07/04/2025

Thank you very much for your comment. I don't know if the developer I use is commercially available, but ADOX has the XT-3 in its catalog. It is also based on vitamin C. I don't know if it is available in the US. https://www.adox.de/Photo/xt3-en/

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