What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

By Andrea Monti

Pro’ is the photographer’s blessing and curse. It is the status we all – well, many of us – aspire to. It is the marketing gimmick created by the exploiters of the Gear Acquisition Syndrome to make people believe that tools make the craftsman. ‘Amateur’, on the other hand, is a word associated with casual photographers, ‘wannabe’ artists, and people who want to make you believe that tools make the craftsman.

I have always been unconvinced that such a difference exists, at least in the general meaning associated with the words ‘pro’ and ‘amateur’, and in relation to the idea that the equipment used or the quality of the shots distinguishes one category from the other.

Let’s take these two photos as an example.

The first was taken during an assignment – a boxing match, actually – with a Nikon D610 and a Nikkor 24-120/4.

The second was taken with a Leica M9 and a Zeiss Biogon 35/2.8 during a few days off in Brussels.

Taken with a Leica M9 and a Zeiss Biogon ZM 35/2,8

Both are of decent quality, taken with expensive equipment, and the Leica would not be out of place in a ‘professional’ shoot.

Now let’s look at the following picture, taken with a Voigtlander Bessa R2, a Leica Elmarit 90/2.8 and an Ilford XP2 Super 400.

Taken with a Voigtländer Bessa R2 and.a Leica Elmarit 90/2,8

Is this photo of lesser quality than those taken with more expensive and powerful equipment?

And what about this one, taken with an iPhone7 plus?

Taken with an iPhone7Plus

Whatever your personal opinion on the photographic quality of these images, the fact is that the end result has nothing to do with the equipment itself and everything to do with how it was used. This is an (empirical) proof that the attribute ‘professional’ is not related to the ‘what’, but to the ‘how’. It is not about owning things, but about mastering knowledge. Therefore, there are no ‘pros’ or ‘amateurs’ in photography, only people on a journey to know themselves by looking at the world through a viewfinder.

Wait’, you may ask at this point, ‘how can you say that there is no such thing as a ‘professional photographer’? What part of outer space do you come from?

Well, let’s look at what it means to be a ‘professional’ as opposed to an ‘amateur’.

The first and foremost difference is that a professional pays his bills with the money he makes from taking pictures.

So you are a professional even if you only take portraits for the college yearbooks, primary school football matches and local ceremonies. I mean no disrespect to photographers who work in this line of business. Dealing with people is always a challenge, and taking good pictures – the essence of the job – may be no less difficult than photographing a cheetah in a remote African wildlife reserve. On the contrary, it is this kind of work that shows what it means to be a professional. If you want to make a living from photography, you have to be reliable, on time, able to produce consistent results and to work in difficult conditions, prepared for the unexpected. First and foremost, however, you need to be trusted as somebody who will capture important moments in a person’s life that, once gone, will never come back.

The main point of this article, then, is that there is no difference between a professional and an amateur in terms of equipment, location, or the type of pictures one takes. The only thing that matters is whether the photo is good or not. There is, by contrast, a difference in how things are done.

A professional does not have the luxury of being able to choose his assignments, but has to deliver pleasant photos no matter how boring the work. A professional cannot live by the motto ‘tomorrow is another day’: if something has to be done now, it has to be done now. A professional is not there to create ‘art’, but to deliver results that are acceptable to the client. A professional is not a ‘free’ man.

To sum up, there is no such thing as a ‘professional’ photographer, but only a ‘professional way’ of taking pictures, regardless of the photographer’s business status. Whether this is done to foot the bils or satisfy an inner need, it is a horse of different colour.

You may find more about my works on my website (sorry, no Instagram, 500px or other social network accounts.)

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About The Author

By Andrea Monti
My name is Andrea Monti. I’m an Italian free-lance journalist, photographer and – in my spare time – an hi-tech lawyer. The works I am more proud of are covering live jazz, pop and rock concerts for an Italian online music magazine and Opera and prose for a 200 years-old theatre. I also do sport photography mainly in athletics and fighting disciplines. You may find out more about me on https://andrea.monti.photography
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anon on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

professional means you can claim your film and processing costs as a business expense
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grain_frame replied:

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

A fair and straightforward definition, but one that tells you nothing about the quality of the professional's work. The problem I think is that on internet forums sometimes a certain reverence is afforded the elusive pro photographer, and some people use it as almost a shield to deflect criticism and project superiority. There is a vast gulf between a grizzled Pulitzer-prize winning war photographer and someone just starting out doing family photos or wedding photography. The fact that both are technically "professional photographers" shows that the term itself is loaded and actually means very little beyond the fact that the person has put themselves and their services on the market, however good or bad those services might be.

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Jack on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

The prosaic definition often used for photo competition purposes is "anyone who earns more than 50 percent of his or her annual income from photography.” also in Italy I understand the legal definition is "someone who non-occasionally generates any profit from photographic services". Just about everywhere it's all about photography being someone's job and thus their main source of income.
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Jeff T. on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

Agreed, professional photographers are those that get paid for their work. Photography is their job, or it is expected in their career which may not be exclusively photography but which is required as an essential part of their career performance. As for their gear, it needs to be rugged enough to stand up to a lot of use. Obviously, an amateur with a Praktica SLR could make just as good a photo as a pro on assignment with a Nikon F2. Just not as many of them. Gear does matter in the long run. Amateur photographers take photographs mainly out of interest, not for money. It isn't their career nor is it expected in their career, although it may become a serious pastime and even result in exhibitions, books, and some income. Many professionals started out as amateurs, of course. The root of amateur (amo, amas....) is love. And some pros switch careers and become amateurs...
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Stefan Wilde on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

When I took singing lessons back in the day my professor advised not to pursue a pro career. Not because of my ability but mostly because being a Baritone a pro career just wouldn't be fun unless you are exceptionally lucky. Too few parts, too few gigs, too little money. I found that excellent advice and I love singing up to this day. I very much doubt I would enjoy it as much if I had to make a living on it. On the other hand of course, I will never be as experienced and proficient as a pro singer. But for me it's a good trade off to be able to pursue what I love just because I love it.
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Ibraar Hussain on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

Thanks man a good article
I’ve a good friend who is a professional photographer
As he says, it’s a job and a full time daily one. it doesn’t mean he’s ‘good’ or talented more than an amateur , it means he is set assignments whether he likes them or not and wishes he could find the time to photograph how and what he wants
The cameras are the right tools for the job rather than all out creative tools
Personally I couldn’t ever be a ‘pro’ I photograph stuff I like for my own pleasure
Whereas he cannot while working
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Geoff Chaplin on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 19/03/2024

I completely agree. On the equipment point that is the main reason I often shoot with vintage cameras and lenses - image and story not kit matter. And as a rank amateur (the occasional modest income from photography but not enough to live on) I agree the level of skill and content are better descriptors than pro or am.
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Ron Peters on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

As anyone who ever studied the English language knows, photography is not a profession, it is a trade.
A profession is an occupation where what is delivered to the customer is valuable non-material. Teaching is a profession as knowledge is non-material. Other professions include physician, engineer, accountant and so on.
A photograph is a material thing, hence photography is a trade, like carpenter, printer, plumber, etc.
Playing a game with a ball is not a profession, it is entertainment. It has no lasting value. Calling oneself a professional when engaged in a trade is simply self aggrandizement.
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Khürt Williams replied:

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

An interesting perspective that I’ve not considered before. Thank you, Ron.

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Röd White on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

'Professional' one of the most ambiguous words when it comes to photography. Simply put, a professional photographer earns a living from taking photos.

It actually bears no relevance to the camera used, the quality of the bag the kit is carried in, or other accessories in the gadget bag.

Photography, like many other hobbies or interests evokes all kind of fascinating and emotive responses from people. It's fun to stand back and watch the fireworks and vehement disagreements and it can definitely be a 'light the blue touch-paper and run' style conversation starters.

For those of us who are lucky enough to 'not' having to depend on photography to pay the bills, we should just enjoy it for all the joy it brings with whatever kit we like to use and be proud of that rather than aspiring to a profession that is definitely not what it once was and rife with people trying to rip you off all the time.

You don't see too many professional photographers running around with paired up Leica M11s, Noctilux lenses and all carried about in lavish Oberwerth leather camera bags.

Conversly, there are plenty of professional photographers who make a living creating content on their iPhones and some really low-end consumer cameras. Are they any less professional than the Leica guy?, or the Canon guy with the expensive 300mm f2.8 lens?

When photography is your hobby, it's also your passion and most hobbyists are passionate and protective about their kit too. When photography is your business, you're generally looking for ways to turn jobs around quickly, optimise workflow and have workhorse cameras which are often battered and sometimes falling apart. That last bit isn't mandatory though as some people also look after their kit.

Consider this... Do you call yourself a professional photographer when you're out shooting street, or personal projects for fun and non-commercial gain?
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Ian C on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

The R2 picture is stunning. It is a very professional register that I assume could be within the scenic arts, or movie settings. On top of your article, I think Ron Peters does have a reasonable argument on when, and why we as society end up mixing business with pleasure. We associate 'pro' with a value to it, someone who earns an income or follows it as a career choice, but at the same time we need to define the fact that photography is a trade, it requires training and specialised knowledge, but one is able to practice without a license.
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Jalan on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

Yes! There is a "professional way" and that's what separates pros from amateurs. Some of the comments speak of amateurs as doing something out of love, as if the amateur "loves" photography more than the professional. I completely disagree. The amateur does photography as a hobby because they do not love it enough to dedicate their lives to it. This doesn't mean amateurs don't produce some amazing work on occasion, they do. But they have no stake in their work - they do it for fun. A professional is not about getting paid (although that is part of it). A professional loves the game so much they dedicate their time and fortune to it. They do the work, they invest in the tools, they invest in learning, they take the risks, they work hard every day, they suffer the public humiliation of a failure and keep on practicing. Professional is a mindset and a way of living. Nothing wrong with being an amateur - just don't diminish the dedication and sacrifice of someone who is a professional!
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Dan Castelli on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

Professional: You make your living taking photographs.
Amateur: You don't make your living taking photographs.
demi-god: Henri Cartier-Bresson.
photo jester: me.
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Bill Brown on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 20/03/2024

What's the point of this question unless you're filling out a tax form? Being a professional can be a way of thinking and working. With photography it can mean a way of 'seeing'. I've spent the last 48 years working as a print finisher and photo assistant for professional photographers. I don't consider myself a professional photographer but practically all my close friends think of me as such. I consider myself a professional artist. It is just a title though. The proof is in the pudding as the saying goes. Vivian Maier wouldn't qualify as a professional photographer when judged by some of the replies to this article. I hope my life's body of work could be seen as having relevance after my passing but will it matter if I was never given the title of professional photographer?

I also disagree with the statement that the professional photographer is not there to create 'art' but to deliver results that are acceptable to the client. A professional should be producing more than just acceptable results otherwise why would anyone be willing to pay a professionals fee? The portrait photographer I've collaborated with for 34 years excels at giving his clients more than a stock portrait. The final print can be a work of art that remains in a family for generations, not just another piece of stuff to own. The first pro photographer I worked with taught me that excellence was not something you hoped to achieve once in a while but it was to be part of my daily workflow. Professional is a state of mind.
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Khürt Williams on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 22/03/2024

For me professional mean what it has always meant. Someone who does a profession for money.
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Gil Aegerter on What Does ‘Professional’ Mean in Photography?

Comment posted: 24/03/2024

I got a degree in photojournalism, then spent 40 years in the news business. My photographs appeared in all the publications I worked at, both in print and online. (I published more photographs for an NPR station in my last five years before retirement than in all the rest of my career combined.) The last image I sold appeared last year in a magazine -- a full-page vertical taken years before with a Nikon D50 and a scratched up, battered old Nikkor 200mm f4. Yet I never considered myself a professional photographer. Photography was always an occasional sideline to my real work, editing. So I always have thought of myself as a hobbyist, in awe of the actual professionals who had to produce great images day in and day out. We can aspire to their kind of dedication and learning, but unless you're trying to put food on your table with your photography, you're like me: a wannabe.
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